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Effect of maternal lipid profile, C-peptide, insulin, and HBA1c levels during late pregnancy on large-for-gestational age newborns
Ruo-Lin Hou, Huan-Huan Zhou, Xiao-Yang Chen, Xiu-Min Wang, Jie Shao, Zheng-Yan Zhao
Hangzhou, China
Author Affiliations: Department of Children's Health Care (Hou RL, Zhou HH, Chen XY, Shao J, Zhao ZY), Department of Endocrinology (Wang XM), Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
Corresponding Author: Zheng-Yan Zhao, Department of Children's Health Care, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 57 Zhugan Xiang, Hangzhou 310003, China (Tel: 86-571-87061007 ext 12435; Fax: 86-571-87078641; Email: zhaozy@zju.edu.cn)
doi: 10.1007/s12519-014-0488-7
Background: Large-for-gestational age (LGA) newborns can increase the risk of metabolic syndrome. Previous studies have shown that the levels of maternal blood lipids, connecting peptide (C-peptide), insulin and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were significantly different between LGA and appropriate-for-gestational age (AGA) newborns. This study aimed to determine the effect of the levels of maternal lipids, C-peptide, insulin, and HbA1c during late pregnancy on LGA newborns.
Methods: This study comprised 2790 non-diabetic women in late pregnancy. Among their newborns, 2236 (80.1%) newborns were AGA, and 554 (19.9%) newborns were LGA. Maternal and neonatal characteristics were obtained from questionnaires and their case records. The levels of maternal fasting serum apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), C-peptide, insulin and blood HbA1c were measured. The chi-square and Mann-Whitney U test were used to analyze categorical variables and continuous variables between the AGA and LGA groups, respectively. Binary logistic regression analysis was made to determine the independent risk factors for LGA newborns.
Results: Maternal TG, C-peptide, insulin and HbA1c levels were significantly higher in the LGA group than in the AGA group (P<0.05). The LGA group had significantly lower levels of maternal TC, HDL-C and LDL-C than the AGA group (P<0.05). After adjustment for confounding variables, including maternal age, pre-pregnancy body mass index, education, smoking, annual household income, amniotic fluid volume, gestational hypertension, newborn gender and gestational age at blood collection, high maternal TG levels remained significantly associated with LGA newborns (P<0.05).
Conclusion: High maternal TG level during late pregnancy is significantly associated with LGA newborns.
Key words: large-for-gestational-age newborns; late pregnancy; maternal lipid profile; triglyceride
World J Pediatr 2014;10(2):175-181
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